Early in 1930, Nana Agyemang Prempeh I, Asantehene, appealed to the then Anglican Bishop of Accra Diocese, Rt. Rev. John Offeur Anglionby for the establishment of an institution of higher learning for women in Ashanti. In response, the Bishop invited the Sisters of the Order of the Holy Paraclete (OHP) who had started schools in Cape Coast to transfer to Mampong, Ashanti.

The three pioneer Sisters: Sister Lillian, Sister Dorothy and Sister Gertrude were accompanied by Mother Margaret, Founder and first prioress of the Order. They moved out of Cape Coast the same year   with the entire population of fifty students to Mampong to form the nucleus of the present Training College. Land was made available for them for the establishment of the College by Nana Osei Bonsu I.  The College was named St. Monica after a saint of Africa and a type of faithful Christian Motherhood who was chosen as the patron of the institution.

The College has undergone various changes since its inception. First, it offered a 4-year Certificate ‘A’ Post Middle Course.  Later on both Certificate ‘A’ and ‘B’ courses were offered at the institution.

A 2-year Post Secondary Course was added later.  Then a 3-year Post Secondary Course and a 2-year Specialist Course were also offered. In the year 2004 the 3-year Diploma in Basic Education Course was introduced. The last batch of the Certificate ‘A’ 3-year Post Secondary Course completed in 2006.

The College also had the mandate to run a 4- year Diploma in Basic Education program known as UTDBE (Untrained Teacher Diploma in Basic Education) course. The Second batch of the UTDBE completed the programme in 2017.

Currently, the College offers a 4-year Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) programme. The last batch of the 3-year Diploma in Basic Education Course will complete in 2020.

Sister Nancy, the last of the Sisters of the OHP to head the College, left for Britain in 1975. Her departure marked the beginning of Ghanaian Administration of the College. Mrs. Lucy Peprah Tawiah (1975-1982) was the first Ghanaian Principal, followed by Ms. Grace Ama Serwaa Hanson (1982-1988). In October 1988, Mrs. Agnes Ofosu-Koranteng took over the administration of the College until October 2007 when she retired and handed over to Mrs. Gladys Amaning, the then District Director of Education for Sekyere West, who acted as Principal of the College.

Mrs. Christina Sobotie took over as a substantive Principal from Mr. Frank Yaw Musah, the Municipal Director of Education for Mampong Municipal, in April, 2010. She ended her tenure of office in 2019.

St. Monica’s College of Education is the only female Anglican Teacher Training College in Ghana.